Resources

Publications

The JSL foundation at the University of Pittsburgh as archived 164 of Jonas Salk and his lab team's original work. 71 of these documents cataloging the vaccination process for polio and influenza can be found here, free for public use.

If you are interested in seeing more, contact jonassalklegacy@pitt.edu

Jump to a section with chronology links below, or >>Jump to Books

Chronology

Influenza|1940-46

Polio|1947-50

Polio & Pgh|1950-54

Polio Pioneer|1954-55

Polio & the Nation|1955-59

Beyond Polio|1980

1940-1946: Influenza

Francis, T., Pearson, H. E., Salk, J. E., & Brown, P. N. (1944). Immunity in Human Subjects Artificially Infected with Influenza Virus, Type B. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 34(4), 317-334.
Francis, T., Jr., & Salk, J. E. (1942). A Simplified Procedure for the Concentration and Purification of Influenza Virus. Science, 96(2500), 499-500.
Francis, T., Jr., Salk, J. E., & Brace, W. M. (1946). The protective effect of vaccination against epidemic influenza B. J Am Med Assoc, 131, 275-278.
Francis, T., Salk, J. E., Pearson, H. E., & Brown, P. N. (1945). Protective Effect of Vaccination against Induced Influenza A. J Clin Invest, 24(4), 536-546.
Salk, J. E. (1945). The Immunizing Effect of Calcium Phosphate Adsorbed Influenza Virus. Science, 101(2614), 122-124.
Salk, J. E. (1946). Effect of formalin in increasing heat stability of influenza virus hemagglutinin. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 63(1), 140-143.
Salk, J. E. (1946). Influenza in Europe during the winter of 1945-46. J Bacteriol, 51, 632.
Salk, J. E. (1946). Request for Reprints on Virus Diseases. Science, 104(2691), 86-87. 104.2691.86-b
Salk, J. E. (1946). Variation in influenza viruses; a study of heat stability of the red cell agglutinating factor. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 63(1), 134-139.
Salk, J. E., Lavin, G. I., & Francis, T. (1940). The Antigenic Potency of Epidemic Influenza Virus Following Inactivation by Ultraviolet Radiation. J Exp Med, 72(6), 729-745.
Salk, J. E., Pearson, H. E., Brown, P. N., & Francis, T. (1945). Protective Effect of Vaccination against Induced Influenza B. J Clin Invest, 24(4), 547-553.
Salk, J. E., Pearson, H. E., & et al. (1945). Immunization against influenza with observations during an epidemic of influenza A one year after vaccination. Am J Hyg, 42, 307-322.

1947 – 1950: Polio

Blaskovic, D., & Salk, J. E. (1947). A method applicable to the standardization of influenza virus vaccines. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 65(2), 352-359.
Francis, T., Salk, J. E., & Quilligan, J. J. (1947). Experience with Vaccination Against Influenza in the Spring of 1947: A Preliminary Report. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 37(8), 1013-1016.
Salk, J. E. (1947). The control of influenza by immunization. Miss Valley Med J, 69(4), 166-172.
Salk, J. E. (1947). The control of influenza by immunization. J Lancet, 67(1), 18-23.
Salk, J. E. (1947). Studies on the antigenicity, in man, of calcium phosphate adsorbed influenza virus; with comments on the question of dose of virus needed in vaccines for human use. J Immunol, 57(4), 301-321.
Salk, J. E. (1948). A Plastic Plate for Use in Tests Involving Virus Hemagglutination and Other Similar Reactions. Science, 108(2818), 749.
Salk, J. E. (1948). Reactions to concentrated influenza virus vaccines. J Immunol, 58(4), 369-395.
Salk, J. E. (1949). Viral and rickettsial infections of the lung; comments on the problem of specific therapy. Pa Med J, 52(15), 1650-1652.
Salk, J. E., & Suriano, P. C. (1949). Importance of antigenic composition of influenza virus vaccine in protecting against the natural disease; observations during the winter of 1947-1948. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 39(3), 345-355.
Youngner, J. S., Ward, E. N., & Salk, J. E. (1950). Effect of 5-amino-7-hydroxy-1 H-v-triazolo (d) pyrimidine on growth and development of the chick embryo. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 75(1), 157-161.

1950-1954: Polio & Pittsburgh

Bennett, B. L., & Salk, J. E. (1951). Immunologic comparison of different laboratory lines of the Lansing strain of poliomyelitis virus. J Immunol, 66(2), 277-282.
Salk, J. E. (1951). A critique of serologic methods for the study of influenza viruses. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch, 4(4), 476-484.
Salk, J. E. (1952). [Immunological classification of poliomyelitis viruses]. Rev Asoc Medica Mex, 32(654), 283-288. (Clasificacion inmunologica de l los virus de la poliomielitis.)
Salk, J. E. (1952). An interpretation of the significance of influenza virus variation for the development of an effective vaccine. Bull N Y Acad Med, 28(11), 748-765. | PDF
Salk, J. E. (1953). Immunization against poliomyelitis. Pediatr Clin North Am, 1(1A), 49-51.
Salk, J. E. (1953). Principles of immunization as applied to poliomyelitis and influenza. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 43(11), 1384-1398.
Salk, J. E. (1953). Recent studies on immunization against poliomyelitis. Pediatrics, 12(5), 471-482.
Salk, J. E. (1953). Studies in human subjects on active immunization against poliomyelitis. I. A preliminary report of experiments in progress. J Am Med Assoc, 151(13), 1081-1098.
Salk, J. E. (1954). Study of non-pathogenic poliomyelitis vaccines. Minerva Med, 45(97), 1502-1503. (Studi sui vaccini apatogeni della poliomielite.)
Salk, J. E., Bailey, M. L., & Laurent, A. M. (1952). The use of adjuvants in studies on influenza immunization. II. Increased antibody formation in human subjects inoculated with influenza virus vaccine in a water in-oil emulsion. Am J Hyg, 55(3), 439-456.
Salk, J. E., Bazeley, P. L., Bennett, B. L., Krech, U., Lewis, L. J., Ward, E. N., & Youngner, J. S. (1954). Studies in human subjects on active immunization against poliomyelitis. II. A practical means for inducing and maintaining antibody formation. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 44(8), 994-1009.
Salk, J. E., & Bennett, B. L. (1951). Evidence for dissociation of titer of infectious and antigenic activity in a preparation of the Lansing strain of poliomyelitis virus. J Immunol, 66(2), 283-286.
Salk, J. E., Bennett, B. L., Lewis, L. J., & Youngner, J. S. (1951). Immunologic classification of poliomyelitis viruses. III. Results obtained with the method of neutralization with prototype antisera. A. Preparation of antiserum pools. Am J Hyg, 54(2), 216-229.
Salk, J. E., Contakos, M., Laurent, A. M., Sorensen, M., Rapalski, A. J., Simmons, I. H., & Sandberg, H. (1953). Use of adjuvants in studies on influenza immunization. III. Degree of persistence of antibody in human subjects two years after vaccination. J Am Med Assoc, 151(14), 1169-1175.
Salk, J. E., Krech, U., Youngner, J. S., Bennett, B. L., Lewis, L. J., & Bazeley, P. L. (1954). Formaldehyde treatment and safety testing of experimental poliomyelitis vaccines. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 44(5), 563-570.
Salk, J. E., & Laurent, A. M. (1952). The use of adjuvants in studies on influenza immunization. I. Measurements in monkeys of the dimensions of antigenicity of virus-mineral oil emulsions. J Exp Med, 95(5), 429-447.
Salk, J. E., Laurent, A. M., & Bailey, M. L. (1951). Direction of research on vaccination against influenza; new studies with immunologic adjuvants. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 41(6), 669-677.
Salk, J. E., Lewis, L. J., Bennett, B. L., & Youngner, J. S. (1951). Immunologic classification of poliomyelitis viruses. III. Results obtained with the method of neutralization by prototype antisera. B. Studies from the University of Pittsburgh on twenty-three strains. Am J Hyg, 54(2), 230-242.
Salk, J. E., Lewis, L. J., Youngner, J. S., & Bennett, B. L. (1951). The use of adjuvants to facilitate studies on the immunologic classification of poliomyelitis viruses. Am J Hyg, 54(2), 157-173.
Salk, J. E., Youngner, J. S., Lewis, L. J., & Bennett, B. L. (1951). Immunologic classification of poliomyelitis viruses. IV. Results of typing by neutralization of prototype viruses with antiserum produced by vaccinating monkeys with unknown strain and an adjuvant. Am J Hyg, 54(2), 255-267.
Salk, J. E., Youngner, J. S., & Ward, E. N. (1954). Use of color change of phenol red as the indicator in titrating poliomyelitis virus or its antibody in a tissue-culture system. Am J Hyg, 60(2), 214-230.
Youngner, J. S., Lewis, L. J., Ward, E. N., & Salk, J. E. (1952). Studies of poliomyelitis viruses in cultures of monkey testicular tissue. III. Isolation and immunologic identification of poliomyelitis viruses from fecal specimens by means of roller tube cultures. Am J Hyg, 55(3), 347-356.
Youngner, J. S., Ward, E. N., & Salk, J. E. (1952). Studies on poliomyelitis viruses in cultures of monkey testicular tissue. I. Propagation of virus in roller tubes. Am J Hyg, 55(2), 291-300.
Youngner, J. S., Ward, E. N., & Salk, J. E. (1952). Studies on poliomyelitis viruses in cultures of monkey testicular tissue. II. Differences among strains in tissue culture infectivity with preliminary data on the quantitative estimation of virus and antibody. Am J Hyg, 55(2), 301-322.

1954-1955: Polio Pioneer

Bodian, D., Francis, T., Jr., Larson, C., Salk, J. E., Shope, R. E., Smadel, J. E., & Shannon, J. A. (1955). Interim report, Public Health Service Technical Committee on Poliomyelitis Vaccine. J Am Med Assoc, 159(15), 1444-1447.
Neva, F. A., & Salk, J. E. (1955). Serial urinary Addis counts in patients inoculated repeatedly with poliomyelitis vaccine prepared from monkey kidney tissue cultures. J Lab Clin Med, 46(1), 21-27.
Salk, J. E. (1954). Study of non-pathogenic poliomyelitis vaccines. Minerva Med, 45(97), 1502-1503. (Studi sui vaccini apatogeni della poliomielite.)
Salk, J. E. (1955). A concept of the mechanism of immunity for preventing paralysis in poliomyelitis. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 61(4), 1023-1036; discussion, 1036-1028.
Salk, J. E. (1955). Considerations in the preparation and use of poliomyelitis virus vaccine. J Am Med Assoc, 158(14), 1239-1248.
Salk, J. E. (1955). Poliomyelitis vaccination; practicalities for the practicing physician. Pa Med J, 58(12), 1321-1324.
Salk, J. E. (1955). Present status of the problem of vaccination against poliomyelitis. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis, 34, 25-43.
Salk, J. E. (1955). Present status of the problem of vaccination against poliomyelitis. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 45(3), 285-297.
Salk, J. E. (1955). Vaccination against paralytic poliomyelitis performance and prospects. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 45(5 Pt 1), 575-596.
Salk, J. E., Bazeley, P. L., Bennett, B. L., Krech, U., Lewis, L. J., Ward, E. N., & Youngner, J. S. (1954). Studies in human subjects on active immunization against poliomyelitis. II. A practical means for inducing and maintaining antibody formation. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 44(8), 994-1009.
Salk, J. E., Krech, U., Youngner, J. S., Bennett, B. L., Lewis, L. J., & Bazeley, P. L. (1954). Formaldehyde treatment and safety testing of experimental poliomyelitis vaccines. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 44(5), 563-570.
Salk, J. E., Youngner, J. S., & Ward, E. N. (1954). Use of color change of phenol red as the indicator in titrating poliomyelitis virus or its antibody in a tissue-culture system. Am J Hyg, 60(2), 214-230.

1955-1959: Polio & The Nation

Salk, J. E. (1956). Antigenic potency of poliomyelitis vaccine; influence on degree and duration of vaccine effect. J Am Med Assoc, 162(16), 1451-1459.
Salk, J. E. (1956). [The polio vaccination]. Rev Med Cordoba, 44, 189-193. (La vacunacion antipoliomielitica.)
Salk, J. E. (1956). [The polio vaccination]. Dia Med, 28(31), 774-778. (La vacunacion antipoliomielitica.)
Salk, J. E. (1956). Requirements for persistent immunity to poliomyelitis. Am J Med Sci, 232(4), 369-377.
Salk, J. E. (1956). Requirements for persistent immunity to poliomyelitis. Trans Assoc Am Physicians, 69, 105-115.
Salk, J. E. (1957). Poliomyelitis vaccination in the fall of 1956. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 47(1), 1-18.
Salk, J. E. (1959). Vaccination against poliomyelitis: an ounce of prevention. R Soc Health J, 79, 310-322.
Salk, J. E., Lewis, L. J., Bennett, B. L., Ward, E. N., Krech, U., Younger, J. S., & Bazeley, P. L. (1955). Antigenic activity of poliomyelitis vaccines undergoing field test. Am J Public Health Nations Health, 45(2), 151-162.
Salk, J. E., & Rapalski, A. J. (1958). Evaluation of influenza vaccine in an explosive epidemic of mixed etiology. U S Armed Forces Med J, 9(4), 469-478.
Youngner, J. S., & Salk, J. E. (1956). Antibody titer for seven different type 1 strains of poliomyelitis virus in children vaccinated with the Mahoney strain. Am J Hyg, 63(2), 198-203.

1980’s: Beyond Polio

Salk, J. E. (1984). Landmark Article - Considerations in the Preparation and Use of Poliomyelitis Virus-Vaccine (Reprinted). Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association, 251(20), 2700-2709. <Go to ISI>://WOS:A1984SS42500030
Salk, J. E. (1988). The Logic of the Magic of Vaccination. Allergy Proceedings, 9(6), 689-692.

Books Affiliated with Jonas Salk

Carter, R. (January 1, 1966). Breakthrough: The Saga of Jonas Salk. Trident Press.
Hopkinson, D. (September 5, 2023). Dr. Jonas Salk: A Little Golden Book Biography. Golden Books.
Hudson, B. (June 12, 2024). Jonas Salk Biography for Curious Kids: Conqueror of Polio (Inspiring Stories for Curious Minds). Little Big Giant.
Jacobs, C. D. (December 1, 2017). Jonas Salk: A Life. Oxford University Press.
Jonas Salk, J. S. (January 1, 1973). The Survival of the Wisest. Harper & Row
Jonas Salk, J. S. (January 1, 1981). World Population and Human Values: A New Reality. January 1, 1981.
Jonas Salk, J. S. (June 26, 2018). A New Reality
Jonas Salk, R. N. A. (January 1, 1993). Anatomy of Reality: Merging of Intuition and Reason.
Kluger, J. (January 27, 2005). Splendid Solution: Jonas Salk and The Conquest of Polio Berkley.
Llanas, S. (August 1, 2013). Jonas Salk: Medical Innovator and Polio Vaccine Developer (Essential Lives). Abdo Group.
Marshall, L. E. (August 18, 2020). The Polio Pioneer: Dr. Jonas Salk and the Polio Vaccine. Knopf Books for Young Readers.
McPherson, S. S. (January 1, 2001). Jonas Salk: Conquering Polio Lerner Pub Group.
Milgrom, K. K. A. (January 31, 2007). Jonas Salk and the Polio Vaccine (Inventions and Discovery). Capstone Press.
Oshinsky, D. M. (September 1, 2006). Polio: An American Story. Oxford University Press.
Prism, R. (November 11, 2024). Jonas Salk: The Battle Against Polio (Reading for Fun and Comprehension). Rhythm Prism LLC.
Rowland, J. (1960). The Polio Man: The Story of Dr. Salk. Roy Publisher.
Rowland, J. (January 2, 2017). How Jonas Salk Found a Cure for Polio. A.J. Cornell Publications.
Tocci, S. (January 1, 2003). Jonas Salk: Creator of the Polio Vaccine (Great Minds of Science). Enslow Pub Inc.

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